preclinical_heavy
Preclinical evidence exceeds central human evidence. Interpret translational relevance cautiously.
supportedtopmoderate inflation risk
Staphylococcus
atopic dermatitis
Staphylococcus looks like a credible signal in atopic dermatitis, though some caution is still warranted.
Staphylococcus shows a moderate evidence base in atopic dermatitis, with multiple central papers and additional supporting literature.
staphylococcus
Credibility score
71
Human translation
3/5
Reproducibility
5/5
Novelty
1/5
Actionability
3/5
Credibility 71Human translation 3/5Reproducibility 5/5Novelty 1/5Actionability 3/5
Why this scores the way it does
- moderate central evidence base
- meaningful supporting human literature
- dense review literature
Main caveats
- directionality and confounding still require curated review
Internal review flags
2 flagsreview_heavy
Review literature is very dense relative to primary central evidence.
Primary central evidence
11 papersDysbiosis and Staphylococcus aureus Colonization Drives Inflammation in Atopic Dermatitis.
2015Immunity
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Antimicrobials from human skin commensal bacteria protect against Staphylococcus aureus and are deficient in atopic dermatitis.
2017Science translational medicine
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Microbe-host interplay in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
2019Nature communications
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Development of a human skin commensal microbe for bacteriotherapy of atopic dermatitis and use in a phase 1 randomized clinical trial.
2021Nature medicine
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Staphylococcus aureus causes aberrant epidermal lipid composition and skin barrier dysfunction.
2023Allergy
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Targeting Skin Barrier Function in Atopic Dermatitis.
2023The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Rapid reduction in Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis subjects following dupilumab treatment.
2023The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Temporal relationships between Staphylococcus aureus colonization, filaggrin expression, and pediatric atopic dermatitis.
2024Allergy
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
IL-24 promotes atopic dermatitis-like inflammation through driving MRSA-induced allergic responses.
2025Protein & cell
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Multi-omics signatures reveal genomic and functional heterogeneity of Cutibacterium acnes in normal and diseased skin.
2024Cell host & microbe
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
CERS1 is a biomarker of Staphylococcus aureus abundance and atopic dermatitis severity.
2025The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Supporting primary evidence
2 papersA Consensus on Staphylococcus aureus Exacerbated Atopic Dermatitis and the Need for a Novel Treatment.
2024Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Skin Staphylococcus aureus detection and relationship to atopic dermatitis outcomes using culture and metagenomic sequencing.
2025Scientific reports
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Preclinical supporting evidence
12 papersTemporal shifts in the skin microbiome associated with disease flares and treatment in children with atopic dermatitis.
2012Genome research
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Nickel allergy and relationship with Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis.
2016Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Clinical Signs, Staphylococcus and Atopic Eczema-Related Seromarkers.
2017Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strain diversity underlying pediatric atopic dermatitis.
2017Science translational medicine
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Effects of Colloidal Oatmeal Topical Atopic Dermatitis Cream on Skin Microbiome and Skin Barrier Properties.
2020Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Staphylococcus aureus from Atopic Dermatitis Patients: Its Genetic Structure and Susceptibility to Phototreatment.
2023Microbiology spectrum
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Atopic dermatitis-derived Staphylococcus aureus strains: what makes them special in the interplay with the host.
2023Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Skin microbe-dependent TSLP-ILC2 priming axis in early life is co-opted in allergic inflammation.
2024Cell host & microbe
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Staphylococcus aureus proteases trigger eosinophil-mediated skin inflammation.
2024Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Comprehensive analysis of phenotypes and transcriptome characteristics reveal the best atopic dermatitis mouse model induced by MC903.
2024Journal of dermatological science
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Staphylococcus aureus colonizing the skin microbiota of adults with severe atopic dermatitis exhibits genomic diversity and convergence in biofilm traits.
2024Biofilm
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Langerhans Cell Modulation in Atopic Dermatitis Is TLR2/SOCS1-Dependent and JAK Inhibitor-Sensitive.
2025Allergy
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Review supporting evidence
44 papersMicrobiome and pediatric atopic dermatitis.
2015The Journal of dermatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Clinical features and Staphylococcus aureus colonization/infection in childhood atopic dermatitis.
2016The Journal of dermatological treatment
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Skin Biomes.
2016Current allergy and asthma reports
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Bacterial and Viral Infections in Atopic Dermatitis: a Comprehensive Review.
2016Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Advances in atopic dermatitis and urticarial in 2016.
2017The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Staphylococcal Biofilms in Atopic Dermatitis.
2017Current allergy and asthma reports
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Staphylococcus aureus and Atopic Dermatitis: A Complex and Evolving Relationship.
2018Trends in microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
pH in nature, humans and skin.
2018The Journal of dermatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Atopic dermatitis.
2018Nature reviews. Disease primers
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The microbiome in patients with atopic dermatitis.
2019The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis: Strain-specific cell wall proteins and skin immunity.
2019Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Atopic dermatitis in the elderly: a review of clinical and pathophysiological hallmarks.
2020The British journal of dermatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Microbiome and skin biology.
2019Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Exploring the Role of Staphylococcus Aureus Toxins in Atopic Dermatitis.
2019Toxins
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Interactions Between Atopic Dermatitis and Staphylococcus aureus Infection: Clinical Implications.
2019Allergy, asthma & immunology research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Skin bacterial transplant in atopic dermatitis: Knowns, unknowns and emerging trends.
2019Journal of dermatological science
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Atopic dermatitis.
2019Allergy and asthma proceedings
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
[Not Available].
2019Annales de dermatologie et de venereologie
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Biotherapeutic Approaches in Atopic Dermatitis.
2020Biotechnology journal
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Staphylococcus aureus in Atopic Dermatitis: Past, Present, and Future.
2020Dermatitis : contact, atopic, occupational, drug
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Atopic Dermatitis: Identification and Management of Complicating Factors.
2020International journal of molecular sciences
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Skin Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis.
2020Acta dermato-venereologica
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Eczema herpeticum in atopic dermatitis.
2021Allergy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Skin microbiome of atopic dermatitis.
2022Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Preventing allergies through the skin.
2022Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Manipulating Microbiota to Treat Atopic Dermatitis: Functions and Therapies.
2022Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Atopic dermatitis: Is innate or adaptive immunity in control? A clinical perspective.
2022Frontiers in immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Endotypes of atopic dermatitis and food allergy.
2023The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Staphylococcus Infection: Relapsing Atopic Dermatitis and Microbial Restoration.
2023Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Obesity and the microbiome in atopic dermatitis: Therapeutic implications for PPAR-γ agonists.
2023Frontiers in allergy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Skin microbiome dysbiosis and the role of Staphylococcus aureus in atopic dermatitis in adults and children: A narrative review.
2023Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Filaggrin and beyond: New insights into the skin barrier in atopic dermatitis and allergic diseases, from genetics to therapeutic perspectives.
2024Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The skin microbiome in pediatric atopic dermatitis and food allergy.
2024Allergy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Microbiome: Role in Inflammatory Skin Diseases.
2024Journal of inflammation research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Secondary Bacterial Infections in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis or Other Common Dermatoses.
2024American journal of clinical dermatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Exploring the skin microbiome in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis and disease modification.
2024The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The skin barrier and microbiome in infantile atopic dermatitis development: can skincare prevent onset?
2024International immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The clinical, mechanistic, and social impacts of air pollution on atopic dermatitis.
2024The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Effect of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and immune defects on the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.
2024Archives of microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Skin microbiota in atopic dermatitis: victim or executioner?
2025Clinical microbiology reviews
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Atopic Dermatitis Part 1: Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Associations.
2025Pediatrics in review
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Atopic dermatitis.
1984The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Staphylococcus aureus and atopic dermatitis.
1983Archives of dermatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Staphylococcus aureus colonization in atopic dermatitis and its therapeutic implications.
1998The British journal of dermatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.