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Propionate production

inflammatory bowel disease

Propionate production is an interesting but still moderate-confidence signal in inflammatory bowel disease.

Propionate production shows a moderate evidence base in inflammatory bowel disease, with multiple central papers and additional supporting literature.

propionate_production
Credibility score
50
Human translation
3/5
Reproducibility
4/5
Novelty
2/5
Actionability
3/5
Credibility 50Human translation 3/5Reproducibility 4/5Novelty 2/5Actionability 3/5
Why this scores the way it does
  • moderate central evidence base
  • dense review literature
  • substantial preclinical support
Main caveats
  • directionality and confounding still require curated review

Primary central evidence

13 papers
A decrease of the butyrate-producing species Roseburia hominis and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii defines dysbiosis in patients with ulcerative colitis.
2014
Gut
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Treatment of Active Crohn's Disease With an Ordinary Food-based Diet That Replicates Exclusive Enteral Nutrition.
2019
Gastroenterology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Pivotal Roles for pH, Lactate, and Lactate-Utilizing Bacteria in the Stability of a Human Colonic Microbial Ecosystem.
2020
mSystems
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Healthy Cotwins Share Gut Microbiome Signatures With Their Inflammatory Bowel Disease Twins and Unrelated Patients.
2021
Gastroenterology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Dysbiosis and relapse-related microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease: A shotgun metagenomic approach.
2021
Computational and structural biotechnology journal
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Association between Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acid Levels, Diet, and Body Mass Index in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2022
Biology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Association between fecal levels of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and serum Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2022
Folia medica Cracoviensia
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
The Importance of Nutritional Aspects in the Assessment of Inflammation and Intestinal Barrier in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2022
Nutrients
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Diarrheal-associated gut dysbiosis in cancer and inflammatory bowel disease patients is exacerbated by Clostridioides difficile infection.
2023
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Novel cross-feeding human gut microbes metabolizing tryptophan to indole-3-propionate.
2025
Gut microbes
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
In vitro fermentation of yeast cell walls (mannan-oligosaccharide) and purified β-glucans modulates the colonic microbiota of dogs with inflammatory bowel disease and demonstrates protective effects on barrier integrity and anti-inflammatory properties.
2025
PloS one
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Microbiome multi-omics analysis reveals novel biomarkers and mechanisms linked with CD etiopathology.
2025
Biomarker research
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Colorectal adenoma presence is associated with decreased menaquinone pathway functions in the gut microbiome of patients undergoing routine colonoscopy.
2026
PloS one
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.

Preclinical supporting evidence

11 papers
Propionate Fermentative Genes of the Gut Microbiome Decrease in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2021
Journal of clinical medicine
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Butyrate and propionate are microbial danger signals that activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in human macrophages upon TLR stimulation.
2024
Cell reports
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Clostridium sporogenes-derived metabolites protect mice against colonic inflammation.
2024
Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Propionate-producing engineered probiotics ameliorated murine ulcerative colitis by restoring anti-inflammatory macrophage via the GPR43/HDAC1/IL-10 axis.
2024
Bioengineering & translational medicine
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Rewiring Tryptophan Metabolism via Programmable Probiotic Integrated by Dual-Layered Microcapsule Protects against Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice.
2024
ACS nano
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Microbiota-derived IPA alleviates intestinal mucosal inflammation through upregulating Th1/Th17 cell apoptosis in inflammatory bowel disease.
2025
Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Indole-3-propionic acid alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice through macrophage glycolipid metabolism.
2025
International immunopharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Safety and efficacy of elafibranor in primary sclerosing cholangitis: The ELMWOOD phase II randomized-controlled trial.
2026
Journal of hepatology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Phytosphingosine alleviates DSS-induced colitis by regulating the gut microbiota and inflammatory responses.
2025
International immunopharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
A next-generation probiotic strain for gut health: Bacteroides cellulosilyticus LYH2 variant with anti-inflammatory and metabolic advantages.
2026
EBioMedicine
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Abundance-weighted pathway mapping demonstrates family-level structure of butyrate and propionate production across the human gut microbiome.
2026
ISME communications
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.

Review supporting evidence

17 papers
The nutrition-gut microbiome-physiology axis and allergic diseases.
2017
Immunological reviews
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Beneficial actions of microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites.
2018
Neurogastroenterology and motility
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Intestinal Immunity Mediated by Tryptophan Metabolism.
2018
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Short-Chain Fatty Acid Characterization in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2019
Inflammatory bowel diseases
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Short chain fatty acids and its producing organisms: An overlooked therapy for IBD?
2021
EBioMedicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Molecular interactions between the intestinal microbiota and the host.
2022
Molecular microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The double-edged sword of probiotic supplementation on gut microbiota structure in Helicobacter pylori management.
2022
Gut microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Roles of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2023
Nutrients
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Potential effects of nutrition-induced alteration of gut microbiota on inflammatory bowel disease: A review.
2024
Journal of digestive diseases
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut microbiome and cardiometabolic comorbidities in people living with HIV.
2024
Microbiome
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Angiogenesis, a key point in the association of gut microbiota and its metabolites with disease.
2024
European journal of medical research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Evaluating the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant efficacy of complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) used for management of inflammatory bowel disease: a comprehensive review.
2025
Redox report : communications in free radical research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The intestinal functions of PXR and CAR.
2025
Pharmacological research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Industrial Bread Composition: Potential Implications for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2025
Nutrients
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Quantitative Alterations in Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
2025
Biomolecules
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Akkermansia muciniphila: A key player in gut microbiota-based disease modulation.
2025
Microbiological research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, pathogenesis and risk assessment.
2025
Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.