sparse_primary_supporting_bucket
Central evidence is high but primary supporting bucket is empty. Classification tiers may still be too coarse.
fulltoplow inflation risk
Parabacteroides distasonis
type 2 diabetes
Parabacteroides distasonis looks like a credible signal in type 2 diabetes, though some caution is still warranted.
Parabacteroides distasonis shows a strong literature footprint in type 2 diabetes, with substantial central evidence and broader supporting literature.
parabacteroides_distasonis
Credibility score
72
Human translation
3/5
Reproducibility
5/5
Novelty
2/5
Actionability
5/5
Credibility 72Human translation 3/5Reproducibility 5/5Novelty 2/5Actionability 5/5
Why this scores the way it does
- strong central evidence base
- substantial preclinical support
Main caveats
- directionality and confounding still require curated review
Internal review flags
1 flagsPrimary central evidence
25 papersTwo Healthy Diets Modulate Gut Microbial Community Improving Insulin Sensitivity in a Human Obese Population.
2016The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut commensal Parabacteroides goldsteinii plays a predominant role in the anti-obesity effects of polysaccharides isolated from Hirsutella sinensis.
2019Gut
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
The Effects of Metformin on the Gut Microbiota of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Two-Center, Quasi-Experimental Study.
2020Life (Basel, Switzerland)
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Characteristics of the intestinal flora in patients with peripheral neuropathy associated with type 2 diabetes.
2020The Journal of international medical research
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Baseline gut microbiome composition predicts metformin therapy short-term efficacy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients.
2020PloS one
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Feruloylated oligosaccharides and ferulic acid alter gut microbiome to alleviate diabetic syndrome.
2020Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
An alcohol-free beer enriched with isomaltulose and a resistant dextrin modulates gut microbiome in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight or obesity: a pilot study.
2021Food & function
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Amelioration of type 2 diabetes by the novel 6, 8-guanidyl luteolin quinone-chromium coordination via biochemical mechanisms and gut microbiota interaction.
2023Journal of advanced research
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Association of gut microbiota and inflammatory markers in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: post hoc analysis of a synbiotic interventional study.
2022Bioscience of microbiota, food and health
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut Microbiota and Bile Acids Mediate the Clinical Benefits of YH1 in Male Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pilot Observational Study.
2022Pharmaceutics
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Duodenal Dual-Wavelength Photobiomodulation Improves Hyperglycemia and Hepatic Parameters with Alteration of Gut Microbiome in Type 2 Diabetes Animal Model.
2022Cells
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Similar bacterial signatures in the gut microbiota of type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients and its association with G protein-coupled receptor 41 and 43 gene expression.
2022Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Metagenome Investigation of Ocular Microbiota of Cataract Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes.
2023Translational vision science & technology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Tauroursodeoxycholic acid protects Schwann cells from high glucose-induced cytotoxicity by targeting NLRP3 to regulate cell migration and pyroptosis.
2024Biotechnology and applied biochemistry
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
The co-regulation of the gut microbiome and host genes might play essential roles in metformin gastrointestinal intolerance.
2023Toxicology and applied pharmacology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
PuRenDan alleviates type 2 diabetes mellitus symptoms by modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites.
2024Journal of ethnopharmacology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota and metabolites exhibit different profiles after very-low-caloric restriction in patients with type 2 diabetes.
2023Frontiers in endocrinology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
The total alkaloids of Berberidis Cortex alleviate type 2 diabetes mellitus by regulating gut microbiota, inflammation and liver gluconeogenesis.
2025Journal of ethnopharmacology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota's role in the enhancement of type 2 diabetes treatment by a traditional Chinese herbal formula compared to metformin.
2025Microbiology spectrum
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
In vitro fermentation characteristics of polysaccharide from Scrophularia ningpoensis and its effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus gut microbiota.
2025PeerJ
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
[Relationship Between Different Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Types and Gut Microbiota in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus].
2025Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Research on the characteristics of gut microbiota in overweight patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus.
2025Journal of diabetes investigation
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Acylated Canna edulis starch improves type 2 diabetes in vitro and in vivo via gut microbiota-derived SCFA enrichment.
2025International journal of biological macromolecules
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Prevalence of Parabacteroides distasonis in Aleppo governorate and its antibiotic susceptibility profile.
2026Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut Microbiota and Dyslipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study of 16S rRNA Profiles and Predicted Functional Shifts.
2026Journal of diabetes research
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Preclinical supporting evidence
20 papersHigh-Fat Diet Alters the Intestinal Microbiota in Streptozotocin-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Mice.
2019Microorganisms
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Oleuropein Ameliorates Advanced Stage of Type 2 Diabetes in db/db Mice by Regulating Gut Microbiota.
2021Nutrients
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Gut dysbiosis, inflammation and type 2 diabetes in mice using synthetic gut microbiota from diabetic humans.
2021Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Human gut microbiota after bariatric surgery alters intestinal morphology and glucose absorption in mice independently of obesity.
2023Gut
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
A Chinese medical nutrition therapy diet accompanied by intermittent energy restriction alleviates type 2 diabetes by enhancing pancreatic islet function and regulating gut microbiota composition.
2022Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Ethanol extract of propolis regulates type 2 diabetes in mice via metabolism and gut microbiota.
2023Journal of ethnopharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Indoleacrylic acid produced by Parabacteroides distasonis alleviates type 2 diabetes via activation of AhR to repair intestinal barrier.
2023BMC biology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Alterations of the gut microbiota in type 2 diabetics with or without subclinical hypothyroidism.
2023PeerJ
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Low-no-calorie sweeteners exert marked compound-specific impact on the human gut microbiota ex vivo.
2023International journal of food sciences and nutrition
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Fagopyrum tataricum ethanol extract ameliorates symptoms of hyperglycemia by regulating gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes mellitus mice.
2023Food & function
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Lactobacillus gasseri CKCC1913 mediated modulation of the gut-liver axis alleviated insulin resistance and liver damage induced by type 2 diabetes.
2023Food & function
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Parabacteroides distasonis ameliorates insulin resistance via activation of intestinal GPR109a.
2023Nature communications
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Polysaccharides from Phellinus linteus attenuate type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats via modulation of gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism.
2024International journal of biological macromolecules
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Fermented dietary fiber from soy sauce residue exerts antidiabetic effects through regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and gut microbiota-SCFAs-GPRs axis in type 2 diabetic mellitus mice.
2024International journal of biological macromolecules
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Gut microbiota DPP4-like enzymes are increased in type-2 diabetes and contribute to incretin inactivation.
2024Genome biology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Intermittent fasting regulates gut microbiota and serum metabolome profiles in middle-aged mice fed high-fat diet.
2025Nutrition & metabolism
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Psyllium husk powder enhances the management of type 2 diabetes by modulating gut microbiota and their metabolic products.
2025Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Integrated multi-omics analysis reveals the functional signature of microbes and metabolomics in pre-diabetes individuals.
2025Microbiology spectrum
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Alleviating effects of polyphenol extract from rapeseed meal on type 2 diabetes in mice via modulation of gut microbiota and AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways.
2025Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Gestational diabetes and risk of type 2 diabetes: exploring the role of the gut microbiome in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).
2026Diabetologia
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Review supporting evidence
2 papersGut Microbiota and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of Host-Gut Microbiota Interactions and Their Therapeutic Potential.
2020Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut Microbiota in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Systematic Review.
2022Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.