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Lactobacillus

autism

Lactobacillus appears to be a strong and relatively human-grounded signal in autism.

Lactobacillus shows a strong literature footprint in autism, with substantial central evidence and broader supporting literature.

lactobacillus
Credibility score
82
Human translation
4/5
Reproducibility
5/5
Novelty
1/5
Actionability
5/5
Credibility 82Human translation 4/5Reproducibility 5/5Novelty 1/5Actionability 5/5
Why this scores the way it does
  • strong central evidence base
  • dense review literature
  • substantial preclinical support
Main caveats
  • directionality and confounding still require curated review

Internal review flags

1 flags
review_heavy

Review literature is very dense relative to primary central evidence.

Primary central evidence

23 papers
Gastrointestinal microbiota in children with autism in Slovakia.
2015
Physiology & behavior
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Intestinal Dysbiosis and Yeast Isolation in Stool of Subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorders.
2017
Mycopathologia
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Ameliorative effect of probiotics (Lactobacillus paracaseii and Protexin®) and prebiotics (propolis and bee pollen) on clindamycin and propionic acid-induced oxidative stress and altered gut microbiota in a rodent model of autism.
2019
Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France)
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Taiwan: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.
2019
Nutrients
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
A Novel and Reliable Rat Model of Autism.
2021
Frontiers in psychiatry
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Probiotic and Oxytocin Combination Therapy in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial.
2021
Nutrients
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut Microbiota Ecology and Inferred Functions in Children With ASD Compared to Neurotypical Subjects.
2022
Frontiers in microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
GW4064 Alters Gut Microbiota Composition and Counteracts Autism-Associated Behaviors in BTBR T+tf/J Mice.
2022
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Carbon monoxide (CO) correlates with symptom severity, autoimmunity, and responses to probiotics treatment in a cohort of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
2022
BMC psychiatry
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Molecular Characterization of Probiotics and Their Influence on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2022
Molecular neurobiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Benefits of Gut Microbiota Reconstitution by Beta 1,3-1,6 Glucans in Subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases.
2023
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Associations between dysbiosis gut microbiota and changes of neurotransmitters and short-chain fatty acids in valproic acid model rats.
2023
Frontiers in physiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Altered Gut Microbiota and Short-chain Fatty Acids in Chinese Children with Constipated Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2023
Scientific reports
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
The fecal microbiota from children with autism impact gut metabolism and learning and memory abilities of honeybees.
2023
Frontiers in microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Investigating the impact of probiotic on neurological outcomes in Rett syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled pilot study.
2024
Autism : the international journal of research and practice
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Lactobacillus reuteri or Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG intervention facilitates gut barrier function, decreases corticosterone and ameliorates social behavior in LPS-exposed offspring.
2024
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Limosilactobacillus reuteri promotes the expression and secretion of enteroendocrine- and enterocyte-derived hormones.
2025
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Synbiotic combination of 2'-fucosyllactose and Bifidobacterium mitigates neurodevelopmental disorders and ASD-like behaviors induced by valproic acid.
2025
Food & function
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Synbiotics of encapsulated Limosilactobacillus fermentum K73 promotes in vitro favorable gut microbiota shifts and enhances short-chain fatty acid production in fecal samples of children with autism spectrum disorder.
2025
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Anti-Inflammatory Diet and Probiotic Supplementation as Strategies to Modulate Immune Dysregulation in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2025
Nutrients
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GR-1 prevents autism-like behaviors by reshaping the maternal and offspring microbiome.
2025
NPJ biofilms and microbiomes
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota mediates the beneficial effects of exercise on autism-like behaviors.
2026
BMC microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Kefir-derived probiotic mixture for children with autism spectrum disorder: a double-blind randomized clinical trial.
2026
BMC pediatrics
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.

Supporting primary evidence

1 papers
Bacterial variation in the oral microbiota in multiple sclerosis patients.
2021
PloS one
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.

Preclinical supporting evidence

11 papers
New evidences on the altered gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorders.
2017
Microbiome
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Mechanisms Underlying Microbial-Mediated Changes in Social Behavior in Mouse Models of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2019
Neuron
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Probiotics and oxytocin nasal spray as neuro-social-behavioral interventions for patients with autism spectrum disorders: a pilot randomized controlled trial protocol.
2020
Pilot and feasibility studies
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 and Other Probiotics in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Real-World Experience.
2021
Nutrients
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Food Allergy-Induced Autism-Like Behavior is Associated with Gut Microbiota and Brain mTOR Signaling.
2022
Journal of asthma and allergy
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Lactobacillus plantarum ST-III modulates abnormal behavior and gut microbiota in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder.
2022
Physiology & behavior
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
The protective effects of sesamol and/or the probiotic, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, against aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity in rats: Modulation of Wnt/β-catenin/GSK-3β, JAK-2/STAT-3, PPAR-γ, inflammatory, and apoptotic pathways.
2023
Frontiers in pharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Single-cell delineation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis: Probiotic intervention in Chd8 haploinsufficient mice.
2025
Cell genomics
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Probiotics derived sodium benzoate improves social behavior of offspring exposed in the maternal immune activation through regulation of histone lysine benzoylation in astrocytes.
2025
Molecular psychiatry
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Targeted fecal microbiota transplantation ameliorates autism-like behaviors via gut-brain axis and excitatory/inhibitory balance restoration in a propionic acid mouse model.
2026
Brain, behavior, and immunity
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
‌Dual-target hUCMSCs/EVs therapy for autism spectrum disorder: remodeling gut microbiota and modulating neuroimmune crosstalk in a valproic acid-induced C57BL/6 mice model.
2025
Stem cell research & therapy
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.

Review supporting evidence

23 papers
Gut microbiota and pediatric disease.
2011
Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Effect of Probiotics on Central Nervous System Functions in Animals and Humans: A Systematic Review.
2016
Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Mind the gut: probiotics in paediatric neurogastroenterology.
2018
Beneficial microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Emerging Developments in Microbiome and Microglia Research: Implications for Neurodevelopmental Disorders.
2018
Frontiers in immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Altered composition and function of intestinal microbiota in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review.
2019
Translational psychiatry
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
A Systematic Review of the Role of Prebiotics and Probiotics in Autism Spectrum Disorders.
2019
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Psychobiotics in mental health, neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders.
2019
Journal of food and drug analysis
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The Role of Gut Microbiota in Gastrointestinal Symptoms of Children with ASD.
2019
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Association Between Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
2019
Frontiers in psychiatry
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Autism Spectrum Disorder and the Gut Microbiota in Children: A Systematic Review.
2020
Annals of nutrition & metabolism
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Prebiotics, probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation in autism: A systematic review.
2020
Revista de psiquiatria y salud mental
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Engineered Akkermansia muciniphila: A promising agent against diseases (Review).
2020
Experimental and therapeutic medicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The Effects of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Gastrointestinal and Behavioural Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2022
Current reviews in clinical and experimental pharmacology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The Link Between Autism Spectrum Disorder And Gastrointestinal Microbiota.
2021
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Overall Rebalancing of Gut Microbiota Is Key to Autism Intervention.
2022
Frontiers in psychology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Comparing the Gut Microbiome in Autism and Preclinical Models: A Systematic Review.
2022
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut Microbiota, the Potential Biological Medicine for Prevention, Intervention and Drug Sensitization to Fight Diseases.
2022
Nutrients
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Emerging Role and Place of Probiotics in the Management of Pediatric Neurodevelopmental Disorders.
2022
Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Microbiota in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review.
2023
International journal of molecular sciences
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Functional contribution of the intestinal microbiome in autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and Rett syndrome: a systematic review of pediatric and adult studies.
2024
Frontiers in neuroscience
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Probiotics in autism spectrum disorder: Recent insights from animal models.
2024
Autism : the international journal of research and practice
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Microbiome's effect on white matter in autism.
2025
Journal of neurophysiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Effect of multispecies probiotics on autism symptoms: protocol for a randomized controlled trial (PROBAUT).
2025
Trials
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.