preclinical_heavy
Preclinical evidence exceeds central human evidence. Interpret translational relevance cautiously.
supportedtophigh inflation risk
Escherichia coli
crohn's disease
Escherichia coli has meaningful literature visibility in crohn's disease, but the current evidence mix suggests a substantial risk of overclaiming.
Escherichia coli shows a moderate evidence base in crohn's disease, with multiple central papers and additional supporting literature.
escherichia_coli
Credibility score
72
Human translation
2/5
Reproducibility
5/5
Novelty
1/5
Actionability
3/5
Credibility 72Human translation 2/5Reproducibility 5/5Novelty 1/5Actionability 3/5
Why this scores the way it does
- moderate central evidence base
- dense review literature
- substantial preclinical support
Main caveats
- preclinical evidence outweighs human evidence
Internal review flags
2 flagsreview_heavy
Review literature is very dense relative to primary central evidence.
Primary central evidence
13 papersMicrobiota in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.
2010The Journal of pediatrics
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Serum Biomarkers Identify Patients Who Will Develop Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Up to 5 Years Before Diagnosis.
2020Gastroenterology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota changes in inflammatory bowel diseases and ankylosing spondilytis.
2021Journal of gastrointestinal and liver diseases : JGLD
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Escherichia coli Strains from Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases have Disease-specific Genomic Adaptations.
2022Journal of Crohn's & colitis
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Microbiota manipulation to increase macrophage IL-10 improves colitis and limits colitis-associated colorectal cancer.
2022Gut microbes
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Engineered calprotectin-sensing probiotics for IBD surveillance in humans.
2023Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Enteric Infection at Flare of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Impacts Outcomes at 2 Years.
2024Inflammatory bowel diseases
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
A pro-inflammatory diet is associated with growth and virulence of Escherichia coli in pediatric Crohn's disease.
2025Journal of Crohn's & colitis
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Engineered Probiotics Enable Targeted Gut Delivery of Dual Gasotransmitters for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy.
2025Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Genetic and Microbial Analysis of Invasiveness for Escherichia coli Strains Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2025Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Microbiome multi-omics analysis reveals novel biomarkers and mechanisms linked with CD etiopathology.
2025Biomarker research
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Exploration of fecal microbiota in newly diagnosed patients with inflammatory bowel disease using shotgun metagenomics.
2025Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
miRNA-loaded biomimetic nanoparticles orchestrate gut microbe to ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease.
2025Science advances
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Supporting primary evidence
1 papersPoor prognosis in IBD-complicated colon cancer through gut dysbiosis-related immune response failure.
2025bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
Relevant preprint retained as supporting evidence, not central evidence.
Preclinical supporting evidence
21 papersNeutrophil dysfunction triggers inflammatory bowel disease in G6PC3 deficiency.
2021Journal of leukocyte biology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Gut Microenvironment and Bacterial Invasion in Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.
2020Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
B. adolescentis ameliorates chronic colitis by regulating Treg/Th2 response and gut microbiota remodeling.
2021Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Gut microbiota-mediated lysophosphatidylcholine generation promotes colitis in intestinal epithelium-specific Fut2 deficiency.
2021Journal of biomedical science
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Programmable probiotics modulate inflammation and gut microbiota for inflammatory bowel disease treatment after effective oral delivery.
2022Nature communications
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
An Intestinal Th17 Subset is Associated with Inflammation in Crohn's Disease and Activated by Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli.
2023Journal of Crohn's & colitis
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
PUFAs add fuel to Crohn's disease-associated AIEC-induced enteritis by exacerbating intestinal epithelial lipid peroxidation.
2023Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Butyrate reduces adherent-invasive E. coli-evoked disruption of epithelial mitochondrial morphology and barrier function: involvement of free fatty acid receptor 3.
2023Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Polyphenolic Nanoparticle-Modified Probiotics for Microenvironment Remodeling and Targeted Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2024ACS nano
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Engineered probiotics with sustained release of interleukin-2 for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease after oral delivery.
2024Biomaterials
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Dual engineered bacteria improve inflammatory bowel disease in mice.
2024Applied microbiology and biotechnology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Two-component system RstAB promotes the pathogenicity of adherent-invasive Escherichia coli in response to acidic conditions within macrophages.
2024Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Multi-biome analysis identifies distinct gut microbial signatures and their crosstalk in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
2024Nature communications
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Rewiring Tryptophan Metabolism via Programmable Probiotic Integrated by Dual-Layered Microcapsule Protects against Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice.
2024ACS nano
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Intestinal E. coli-produced yersiniabactin promotes profibrotic macrophages in Crohn's disease.
2025Cell host & microbe
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Bacterial membrane vesicles restore gut anaerobiosis.
2025NPJ biofilms and microbiomes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Anti-Inflammatory effects of Lactobacillus helveticus and Arthrospira platensis on colonic cells inflamed by Crohn's disease-associated Escherichia coli.
2025BMC molecular and cell biology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
A randomized controlled trial of antibiotics targeting adherent and invasive Escherichia coli versus placebo in Crohn's disease: the TEOREM trial.
2025Journal of Crohn's & colitis
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Fishing out AIEC with FimH capturing microgels for inflammatory bowel disease treatment.
2025Nature communications
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Periodontitis salivary microbiota exacerbates colitis by CXCL3 derived from gut microbiota-induced macrophages.
2025Microbiome
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Induces an Anti-inflammatory Response and a Metabolic Reprogramming in Human Monocytes.
2026Gastroenterology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Review supporting evidence
37 papersBacteria in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease.
2006Current opinion in infectious diseases
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease in different age groups.
2009Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Toxic megacolon.
2012Inflammatory bowel diseases
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Pathogenesis of adherent-invasive Escherichia coli.
2013Future microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The gut microbiome.
2014Inflammation & allergy drug targets
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Antibiotics, probiotics and prebiotics in IBD.
2014Nestle Nutrition Institute workshop series
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Infectious etiopathogenesis of Crohn's disease.
2014World journal of gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Role of the intestinal microbiota and fecal transplantation in inflammatory bowel diseases.
2014Journal of digestive diseases
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Role of antibiotics for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
2016World journal of gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
[Virulence mechanisms of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli].
2016Revista chilena de infectologia : organo oficial de la Sociedad Chilena de Infectologia
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Colorectal cancer-inflammatory bowel disease nexus and felony of Escherichia coli.
2017Life sciences
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli in inflammatory bowel disease.
2018Gut
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The role of bacteria in the inflammatory bowel disease development: a narrative review.
2018APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Emergent Behavior of IBD-Associated Escherichia coli During Disease.
2019Inflammatory bowel diseases
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Microbial genes and pathways in inflammatory bowel disease.
2019Nature reviews. Microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
New insights into the interplay between autophagy, gut microbiota and inflammatory responses in IBD.
2020Autophagy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Differences in Gut Microbiota in Patients With vs Without Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review.
2020Gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Alterations of the Skin and Gut Microbiome in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis.
2021International journal of molecular sciences
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The influence of the gut microbiota on the bioavailability of oral drugs.
2021Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Microbial pathogenesis in inflammatory bowel diseases.
2022Microbial pathogenesis
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Histologic and Clinical Correlates of Multiplex Stool Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Results.
2022Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Extracellular vesicles-mediated interaction within intestinal microenvironment in inflammatory bowel disease.
2022Journal of advanced research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Intestinal phages interact with bacteria and are involved in human diseases.
2022Gut microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut microbiota, inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer.
2022World journal of gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The multifaceted virulence of adherent-invasive Escherichia coli.
2023Gut microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Oxidative stress gene expression, DNA methylation, and gut microbiota interaction trigger Crohn's disease: a multi-omics Mendelian randomization study.
2023BMC medicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Autophagy in colitis-associated colon cancer: exploring its potential role in reducing initiation and preventing IBD-Related CAC development.
2024Autophagy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Pathobionts in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Origins, Underlying Mechanisms, and Implications for Clinical Care.
2024Gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Phage therapy in gut microbiome.
2023Progress in molecular biology and translational science
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Review article: The complex interplay between diet and Escherichia coli in inflammatory bowel disease.
2023Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Antibiotics for inflammatory bowel disease: Current status.
2024Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut microbiota and metabolites as predictors of biologics response in inflammatory bowel disease: A comprehensive systematic review.
2024Microbiological research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Probiotics for inflammatory bowel disease: Is there sufficient evidence?
2024Open life sciences
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and the Efficacy of Probiotics as Functional Foods.
2024Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The role of the fecal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease.
2024European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut Microbiota Serves as a Crucial Independent Biomarker in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD).
2025International journal of molecular sciences
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli in Crohn's disease: the 25th anniversary.
2026Gut
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.