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supportedtopmoderate inflation risk

Clostridioides difficile

crohn's disease

Clostridioides difficile looks like a credible signal in crohn's disease, though some caution is still warranted.

Clostridioides difficile shows a moderate evidence base in crohn's disease, with multiple central papers and additional supporting literature.

clostridioides_difficile
Credibility score
72
Human translation
3/5
Reproducibility
5/5
Novelty
1/5
Actionability
3/5
Credibility 72Human translation 3/5Reproducibility 5/5Novelty 1/5Actionability 3/5
Why this scores the way it does
  • moderate central evidence base
  • dense review literature
Main caveats
  • directionality and confounding still require curated review

Internal review flags

1 flags
review_heavy

Review literature is very dense relative to primary central evidence.

Primary central evidence

10 papers
The gut microbiome.
2017
Australian family physician
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Chronic Diarrhea in Adults: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis.
2020
American family physician
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Clostridium innocuum infection in hospitalised patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
2022
The Journal of infection
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Clostridioides difficile Infection in a Japanese Tertiary Children's Hospital.
2022
Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiome and mycobiome in inflammatory bowel disease patients with Clostridioides difficile infection.
2023
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on Fecal Microbiota-Based Therapies for Select Gastrointestinal Diseases.
2024
Gastroenterology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Outcomes After Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Combination With Bezlotoxumab for Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection.
2024
The American journal of gastroenterology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Transplant of microbiota from Crohn's disease patients to germ-free mice results in colitis.
2024
Gut microbes
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Anti-interleukin-23 treatment linked to improved Clostridioides difficile infection survival.
2025
Gut microbes
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Fidaxomicin for Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.
2025
Journal of Crohn's & colitis
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.

Preclinical supporting evidence

5 papers
Clostridium difficile in inflammatory bowel disease.
2018
Terapevticheskii arkhiv
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Host Sorbitol and Bacterial Sorbitol Utilization Promote Clostridioides difficile Infection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2023
Gastroenterology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Budesonide, an anti-inflammatory drug, exacerbate clostridioides difficile colitis in mice.
2023
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Impact of vancomycin and Clostridioides difficile on the secretome and pathogenicity of Clostridium innocuum.
2025
Medical microbiology and immunology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Veillonella intestinal colonization promotes C. difficile infection in Crohn's disease.
2025
Cell host & microbe
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.

Review supporting evidence

55 papers
Clostridium difficile infection in the inflammatory bowel disease patient.
2013
Inflammatory bowel diseases
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The colonic microbiota and colonic disease.
2012
Current gastroenterology reports
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
[The intestinal microbiota and human disease].
2013
The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Clostridium difficile infection in children with inflammatory bowel disease: current evidence.
2014
Current pharmaceutical design
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Defining dysbiosis and its influence on host immunity and disease.
2014
Cellular microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Impact of Clostridium difficile infection on inflammatory bowel disease outcome: a review.
2014
World journal of gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Pseudomembranous colitis.
2015
Disease-a-month : DM
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Clostridium difficile Infection in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2016
Inflammatory bowel diseases
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Faecal microbiota transplantation-A clinical view.
2016
International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Clostridium difficile colitis: A clinical review.
2017
American journal of surgery
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Interactions between gut bacteria and bile in health and disease.
2017
Molecular aspects of medicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Management of inflammatory bowel disease with Clostridium difficile infection.
2017
World journal of gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in adults and children.
2017
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Primer for Internists.
2018
The American journal of medicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Clinical Application and Potential of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation.
2019
Annual review of medicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Digestive disorders and Intestinal microbiota.
2018
Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Thirty Years of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG: A Review.
2019
Journal of clinical gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Fecal microbiota transplantation beyond Clostridioides difficile infections.
2019
EBioMedicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Treatment of Severe and Fulminnant Clostridioides difficile Infection.
2019
Current treatment options in gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
MICROBIOTA INSIGHTS IN CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION AND INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE.
2020
Gut microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Therapies to modulate gut microbiota: Past, present and future.
2020
World journal of gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Management of Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
2021
Intestinal research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Bacteriotherapy for inflammatory bowel disease.
2021
Inflammation and regeneration
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Diagnosis and management of Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
2021
Current opinion in gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The interplay of Clostridioides difficile infection and inflammatory bowel disease.
2021
Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The gut microbiota and gut disease.
2021
Internal medicine journal
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridioides difficile, safety, and pitfalls.
2021
Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Clostridioides Difficile Enteritis: Case Report and Literature Review.
2022
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Histologic and Clinical Correlates of Multiplex Stool Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay Results.
2022
Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut microbial metabolome in inflammatory bowel disease: From association to therapeutic perspectives.
2022
Computational and structural biotechnology journal
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Histological features of Clostridioides difficile colitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
2022
Histopathology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The double-edged sword of probiotic supplementation on gut microbiota structure in Helicobacter pylori management.
2022
Gut microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
[Clostridioides Infection in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease].
2022
The Korean journal of gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Update on gut microbiota in gastrointestinal diseases.
2022
World journal of clinical cases
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Redefining Clostridioides difficile infection antibiotic response and clinical outcomes.
2023
The Lancet. Infectious diseases
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The role of faecal microbiota transplantation in chronic noncommunicable disorders.
2023
Journal of autoimmunity
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Clostridium difficile in inflammatory bowel disease.
2023
Current opinion in gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Clostridioides difficile Infection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Systematic Review of Risk Factors and Approach in Management.
2023
Cureus
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Phage therapy in gut microbiome.
2023
Progress in molecular biology and translational science
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Fecal microbiota transplantation: History, procedure and regulatory considerations.
2023
Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Review Article: Gastroenterology and Clostridium difficile Infection: Past, Present, and Future.
2023
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Current perspectives on fecal microbiota transplantation in inflammatory bowel disease.
2024
Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Pouchitis: pathophysiology and management.
2024
Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Clostridioides difficile infection in inflammatory bowel disease: a clinical review.
2024
Expert review of anti-infective therapy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Fecal microbiota transplantation: current challenges and future landscapes.
2024
Clinical microbiology reviews
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Human intestinal microbiome: Role in health and disease.
2024
Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Diagnosis and Management of Clostridioides difficile in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2025
The American journal of gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Insights into Gut Dysbiosis: Inflammatory Diseases, Obesity, and Restoration Approaches.
2024
International journal of molecular sciences
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Clostridioides difficile infection: an update.
2024
Le infezioni in medicina
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut microbiome therapy: fecal microbiota transplantation vs live biotherapeutic products.
2024
Gut microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Advances in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Gut Dysbiosis-Related Diseases.
2025
Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Precision microbiota therapy for IBD: premise and promise.
2025
Gut microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut Microbiota Modulation in IBD: From the Old Paradigm to Revolutionary Tools.
2025
International journal of molecular sciences
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Akkermansia muciniphila: A key player in gut microbiota-based disease modulation.
2025
Microbiological research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Difficile to treat: advanced management strategies in difficult to treat Clostridioides difficile infections.
2026
Expert review of anti-infective therapy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.