Predictive factors for lower extremity amputations in diabetic foot infections.
2011Diabetic foot & ankle
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
fulltoplow inflation risk
Bacteroides fragilis
type 2 diabetes
Bacteroides fragilis looks like a credible signal in type 2 diabetes, though some caution is still warranted.
Bacteroides fragilis shows a strong literature footprint in type 2 diabetes, with substantial central evidence and broader supporting literature.
bacteroides_fragilis
Credibility score
83
Human translation
3/5
Reproducibility
5/5
Novelty
2/5
Actionability
5/5
Credibility 83Human translation 3/5Reproducibility 5/5Novelty 2/5Actionability 5/5
Why this scores the way it does
- strong central evidence base
- meaningful supporting human literature
- dense review literature
Main caveats
- directionality and confounding still require curated review
Primary central evidence
25 papersStrict vegetarian diet improves the risk factors associated with metabolic diseases by modulating gut microbiota and reducing intestinal inflammation.
2013Environmental microbiology reports
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
The association of type II diabetes with gut microbiota composition.
2017Microbial pathogenesis
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Role of Gut Microbiota on Cardio-Metabolic Parameters and Immunity in Coronary Artery Disease Patients with and without Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus.
2017Frontiers in microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gegen Qinlian decoction enhances the effect of PD-1 blockade in colorectal cancer with microsatellite stability by remodelling the gut microbiota and the tumour microenvironment.
2019Cell death & disease
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Iranian Diabetic, Pre-diabetic and Healthy Individuals.
2020Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Trans-ethnic gut microbiota signatures of type 2 diabetes in Denmark and India.
2021Genome medicine
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Characteristics of the gut microbiome in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
2021PeerJ
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut Microbiome of Indonesian Adults Associated with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Asian City, Yogyakarta.
2021Microorganisms
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Blood microbiota composition in Iranian pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic patients.
2021Human antibodies
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Metagenomic analysis revealed the potential role of gut microbiome in gout.
2021NPJ biofilms and microbiomes
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Characterization of Gut Microbiota Composition in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Population-Based Study.
2022International journal of environmental research and public health
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota in patients with COVID-19 and type 2 diabetes: A culture-based method.
2023Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Alterations in the Gut Microbiota in Pregnant Women with Pregestational Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
2023mSystems
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Jiang-Tang-San-Huang pill alleviates type 2 diabetes mellitus through modulating the gut microbiota and bile acids metabolism.
2023Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Changes in the Microbiota and their Roles in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
2023Current microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Alterations in the gut virome are associated with type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy.
2023Gut microbes
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiome profile of Chinese hypertension patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.
2023BMC microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Functional alterations and predictive capacity of gut microbiome in type 2 diabetes.
2023Scientific reports
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Pravastatin promotes type 2 diabetes vascular calcification through activating intestinal Bacteroides fragilis to induce macrophage M1 polarization.
2024Journal of diabetes
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
A study on the association between gut microbiota, inflammation, and type 2 diabetes.
2024Applied microbiology and biotechnology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Mapping multi-omics characteristics related to short-term PM2.5 trajectory and their impact on type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and elderly adults in Southern China.
2024Journal of hazardous materials
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota composition and type 2 diabetes: Are these subjects linked Together?
2024Heliyon
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Effects of Oral Antidiabetics.
2025Journal of clinical medicine
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Emerging Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Resistance Among Pathogens Isolated From Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Case Emphasizing Early Culture-Guided Therapy.
2025Cureus
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Supporting primary evidence
2 papersExtracellular vesicles of Bacteroides fragilis regulated macrophage polarization through promoted Sema7a expression.
2024Microbial pathogenesis
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Systemic and gut microbiome changes with metformin and liraglutide in youth-onset type 2 diabetes: the MIGHTY study.
2025Gut microbes
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Preclinical supporting evidence
19 papersSynergy in polymicrobial infections in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes.
2005Infection and immunity
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice.
2008Diabetes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Human gut microbes impact host serum metabolome and insulin sensitivity.
2016Nature
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Gut microbiota and intestinal FXR mediate the clinical benefits of metformin.
2018Nature medicine
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Imidazole propionate is increased in diabetes and associated with dietary patterns and altered microbial ecology.
2020Nature communications
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Characterisation of gut microbiota of obesity and type 2 diabetes in a rodent model.
2021Bioscience of microbiota, food and health
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Gut dysbiosis, inflammation and type 2 diabetes in mice using synthetic gut microbiota from diabetic humans.
2021Brazilian journal of biology = Revista brasleira de biologia
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Gut microbiome signatures distinguish type 2 diabetes mellitus from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
2021Computational and structural biotechnology journal
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Shenqi compound ameliorates type-2 diabetes mellitus by modulating the gut microbiota and metabolites.
2022Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
The human gut microbiota contributes to type-2 diabetes non-resolution 5-years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
2022Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Snapshot into the Type-2-Diabetes-Associated Microbiome of a Romanian Cohort.
2022International journal of molecular sciences
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Glycoursodeoxycholic acid regulates bile acids level and alters gut microbiota and glycolipid metabolism to attenuate diabetes.
2023Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Bacteroides ovatus accelerates metformin-induced vitamin B12 deficiency in type 2 diabetes patients by accumulating cobalamin.
2023NPJ biofilms and microbiomes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Canagliflozin alters the gut, oral, and ocular surface microbiota of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
2023Frontiers in endocrinology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Semaglutide Attenuates Anxious and Depressive-Like Behaviors and Reverses the Cognitive Impairment in a Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mouse Model Via the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis.
2024Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Bacteroides Fragilis Exacerbates T2D Vascular Calcification by Secreting Extracellular Vesicles to Induce M2 Macrophages.
2025Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Effect of broccoli sprout extract and baseline gut microbiota on fasting blood glucose in prediabetes: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
2025Nature microbiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Dasatinib and Quercetin alleviate type 2 diabetic osteoporosis by regulating serum metabolite and gut microbiome.
2025Frontiers in microbiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Dietary fibers of Canna edulis and Maranta arundinacea rhizomes ameliorate metabolic diseases and gut dysbiosis in mice fed a high-fat diet.
2026Research in pharmaceutical sciences
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Review supporting evidence
12 papersThe interplay between microbiota and inflammation: lessons from peritonitis and sepsis.
2016Clinical & translational immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Role of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes pathophysiology.
2020EBioMedicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Effects of Metformin on the Gut Microbiota in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
2020Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Human microbiome and metabolic health: An overview of systematic reviews.
2022Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut microbiota and physical exercise in obesity and diabetes - A systematic review.
2022Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Intestinal phages interact with bacteria and are involved in human diseases.
2022Gut microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Bi-Directional Interactions between Glucose-Lowering Medications and Gut Microbiome in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.
2023Genes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and the Gut Microbiota: Systematic Review.
2023Cureus
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Polysaccharides in Medicinal and Food Homologous Plants regulate intestinal flora to improve type 2 diabetes: Systematic review.
2024Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
A systematic review on gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
2024Frontiers in endocrinology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Microbiota-derived metabolites in tumorigenesis: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.
2025Frontiers in pharmacology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Diabetes and Bone Health: A Comprehensive Review of Impacts and Mechanisms.
2025Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.