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Alpha diversity

autism

Alpha diversity looks like a credible signal in autism, though some caution is still warranted.

Alpha diversity shows a strong literature footprint in autism, with substantial central evidence and broader supporting literature.

alpha_diversity
Credibility score
100
Human translation
3/5
Reproducibility
5/5
Novelty
1/5
Actionability
5/5
Credibility 100Human translation 3/5Reproducibility 5/5Novelty 1/5Actionability 5/5
Why this scores the way it does
  • strong central evidence base
  • meaningful supporting human literature
  • dense review literature
Main caveats
  • retrieval noise or disease-specificity issues may remain

Internal review flags

1 flags
review_heavy

Review literature is very dense relative to primary central evidence.

Primary central evidence

27 papers
Rett Syndrome: A Focus on Gut Microbiota.
2017
International journal of molecular sciences
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Reduced microbiome alpha diversity in young patients with ADHD.
2018
PloS one
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Alteration of gut microbiota-associated epitopes in children with autism spectrum disorders.
2019
Brain, behavior, and immunity
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Altered gut microbial profile is associated with abnormal metabolism activity of Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2020
Gut microbes
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gene of the month: GTF2I.
2021
Journal of clinical pathology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Potential of gut microbiome for detection of autism spectrum disorder.
2020
Microbial pathogenesis
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Fungi: Friend or Foe? A Mycobiome Evaluation in Children With Autism and Gastrointestinal Symptoms.
2022
Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Imbalance in the Gut Microbiota of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders.
2021
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Changes in the stool and oropharyngeal microbiome in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
2022
Scientific reports
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Leveraging Existing 16SrRNA Microbial Data to Define a Composite Biomarker for Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2022
Microbiology spectrum
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Altered gut microbiota correlates with behavioral problems but not gastrointestinal symptoms in individuals with autism.
2022
Brain, behavior, and immunity
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Folate receptor alpha autoantibodies in children with autism spectrum disorder.
2022
Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Implications of oral streptococcal bacteriophages in autism spectrum disorder.
2022
NPJ biofilms and microbiomes
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
[Diversity and functional prediction of gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder].
2022
Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
The gut microbiome in social anxiety disorder: evidence of altered composition and function.
2023
Translational psychiatry
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Children with autism show differences in the gut DNA virome compared to non-autistic children: a case control study.
2023
BMC pediatrics
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Altered Gut Microbiota as Potential Biomarkers for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Early Childhood.
2023
Neuroscience
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota signature in children with autism spectrum disorder who suffered from chronic gastrointestinal symptoms.
2023
BMC pediatrics
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
A comparative study on dietary diversity and gut microbial diversity in children with autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, their neurotypical siblings, and non-related neurotypical volunteers: a cross-sectional study.
2024
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Precision synbiotics increase gut microbiome diversity and improve gastrointestinal symptoms in a pilot open-label study for autism spectrum disorder.
2024
mSystems
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Absence of association between maternal adverse events and long-term gut microbiome outcomes in the Australian autism biobank.
2024
Brain, behavior, & immunity - health
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Investigating brain-gut microbiota dynamics and inflammatory processes in an autistic-like rat model using MRI biomarkers during childhood and adolescence.
2024
NeuroImage
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiome differences in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder and effects of probiotic supplementation: A randomized controlled trial.
2025
Research in developmental disabilities
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota diversity and composition in children with autism spectrum disorder: associations with symptom severity.
2025
PeerJ
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota composition and phylogenetic analysis in autism spectrum disorder: a comparative study.
2025
Frontiers in psychiatry
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota and urine metabolomics signature in autism spectrum disorder children from Southern China.
2025
BMC pediatrics
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Metagenomic Characterization of Gut Microbiota in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Microbial Signatures and Modulation by Anti-Inflammatory Diet and Probiotics.
2025
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.

Supporting primary evidence

2 papers
Cytokine profile in autistic patients.
2018
Cytokine
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
The Difference of Gut Microbiota and Their Correlations With Urinary Organic Acids Between Autistic Children With and Without Atopic Dermatitis.
2022
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.

Preclinical supporting evidence

18 papers
Alpha-to-gamma phase-amplitude coupling methods and application to autism spectrum disorder.
2015
Brain connectivity
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Alpha Waves as a Neuromarker of Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Challenge of Reproducibility and Heterogeneity.
2018
Frontiers in neuroscience
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Development and Validation of the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q).
2019
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Analysis of gut microbiome, nutrition and immune status in autism spectrum disorder: a case-control study in Ecuador.
2020
Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Alpha connectivity and inhibitory control in adults with autism spectrum disorder.
2020
Molecular autism
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Plasma Levels of Alpha and Gamma Synucleins in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Indicator of Severity.
2021
Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Peak Alpha Frequency and Thalamic Structure in Children with Typical Development and Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2022
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Dysbiotic Gut Microbiota and Dysregulation of Cytokine Profile in Children and Teens With Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2021
Frontiers in neuroscience
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Alpha oscillatory activity during attentional control in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and ASD+ADHD.
2022
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Application of Clustering Method to Explore the Correlation Between Dominant Flora and the Autism Spectrum Disorder Clinical Phenotype in Chinese Children.
2021
Frontiers in neuroscience
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Deviated and early unsustainable stunted development of gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder.
2022
Gut
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder share distinct microbiota compositions.
2023
Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Decreased levels of alpha synuclein in families with autism spectrum disorder and relationship between the disease severity.
2023
Brain research
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Frontal EEG alpha asymmetry in youth with autism: Sex differences and social-emotional correlates.
2023
Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Folate Receptor Alpha Autoantibodies in the Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS) Population.
2024
Journal of personalized medicine
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Transgenerational Effects and Heritability of Folate Receptor Alpha Autoantibodies in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2025
International journal of molecular sciences
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
3KO-NSCs ameliorate behavioral deficits and modulate gut microbiota in a VPA-induced C57BL/6 mouse model of autism.
2025
Frontiers in immunology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Can Early Nutrition Be Responsible for Future Gut Microbiota Changes and Different Health Outcomes?
2025
Nutrients
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.

Review supporting evidence

31 papers
Pharmacotherapeutic management of autism.
2001
Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Brain IL-6 and autism.
2013
Neuroscience
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Microbiota and Neurological Disorders: A Gut Feeling.
2016
BioResearch open access
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Neurexins and neuropsychiatric disorders.
2018
Neuroscience research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Autism Spectrum Disorder: Classification, diagnosis and therapy.
2018
Pharmacology & therapeutics
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Neuropeptides in the microbiota-brain axis and feeding behavior in autism spectrum disorder.
2019
Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
IQSEC2-Associated Intellectual Disability and Autism.
2019
International journal of molecular sciences
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Copper and Neurotoxicity in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2019
Current pharmaceutical design
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
SCN1A-related phenotypes: Epilepsy and beyond.
2019
Epilepsia
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Neuronal α2δ proteins and brain disorders.
2020
Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Treatment of Folate Metabolism Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2020
Seminars in pediatric neurology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The Role of Gut Microbiota in the High-Risk Construct of Severe Mental Disorders: A Mini Review.
2020
Frontiers in psychiatry
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Palmitoylethanolamide and Its Biobehavioral Correlates in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review of Human and Animal Evidence.
2021
Nutrients
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Zinc.
2021
Advances in food and nutrition research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Symptomatic, Genetic, and Mechanistic Overlaps between Autism and Alzheimer's Disease.
2021
Biomolecules
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The Role of Gut Microbiota in Various Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders-An Evidence Mapping Based on Quantified Evidence.
2023
Mediators of inflammation
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Maternal Intake of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Autism Spectrum Etiology and Its Relation to the Gut Microbiota: What Do We Know?
2023
Nutrients
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
A Double-Blind Randomised Controlled Trial of Prebiotic Supplementation in Children with Autism: Effects on Parental Quality of Life, Child Behaviour, Gastrointestinal Symptoms, and the Microbiome.
2025
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Efficacy and Safety of Alpha-2 Agonists in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review.
2024
Advances in therapy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Pharmacological treatment in autism: a proposal for guidelines on common co-occurring psychiatric symptoms.
2025
BMC medicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Pharmacological management for insomnia in children and adolescents with autism and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.
2025
Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Perturbations in gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review.
2025
Frontiers in neuroscience
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The endocannabinoidome-gut microbiome-brain axis as a novel therapeutic target for autism spectrum disorder.
2025
Journal of biomedical science
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Assessing the relationship of gut microbiota with neurological, psychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders: a narrative review.
2025
The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Ameliorating Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder by Modulating the Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
2025
Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Retrospective review: single- and multidonor washed microbiota transplantation have equivalent efficacy in the treatment of autism.
2025
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Altered oral microbiome composition in mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
2025
Journal of oral microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Valproate-Induced Autism and Sexual Hormone Disturbances: A Literature Review and Hypotheses.
2025
Neurochemical research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut microbiota dysbiosis at the interface of neuropsychiatric disorders and their dermatological comorbidities.
2025
Gut microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Alpha-neurexins in health and disease.
2025
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Alterations in gut microbiota composition in neurodevelopmental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
2025
Frontiers in microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.