preclinical_heavy
Preclinical evidence exceeds central human evidence. Interpret translational relevance cautiously.
fulltophigh inflation risk
Alpha diversity
atopic dermatitis
Alpha diversity has meaningful literature visibility in atopic dermatitis, but the current evidence mix suggests a substantial risk of overclaiming.
Alpha diversity shows a strong literature footprint in atopic dermatitis, with substantial central evidence and broader supporting literature.
alpha_diversity
Credibility score
98
Human translation
2/5
Reproducibility
5/5
Novelty
1/5
Actionability
4/5
Credibility 98Human translation 2/5Reproducibility 5/5Novelty 1/5Actionability 4/5
Why this scores the way it does
- strong central evidence base
- meaningful supporting human literature
- dense review literature
Main caveats
- preclinical evidence outweighs human evidence
Internal review flags
2 flagsreview_heavy
Review literature is very dense relative to primary central evidence.
Primary central evidence
19 papersProbiotics modulate the gut microbiota composition and immune responses in patients with atopic dermatitis: a pilot study.
2020European journal of nutrition
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Schizonepeta Tenuifolia with Alpinia Oxyphylla Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis and Improves the Gut Microbiome in Nc/Nga Mice.
2020Pharmaceutics
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Diversity analysis of gut microbiota between healthy controls and those with atopic dermatitis in a Chinese population.
2021The Journal of dermatology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
A population-based study on associations of stool microbiota with atopic diseases in school-age children.
2021The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
A Combined Analysis of Gut and Skin Microbiota in Infants with Food Allergy and Atopic Dermatitis: A Pilot Study.
2021Nutrients
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Probiotic mixture reduces gut inflammation and microbial dysbiosis in children with atopic dermatitis.
2021The Australasian journal of dermatology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Comparison of Gut Viral Communities in Atopic Dermatitis and Healthy Children.
2022Frontiers in medicine
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut dysbiosis in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is characterized by shifts in relative abundances of specific bacterial taxa and decreased diversity in more advanced disease.
2022Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Viola yedoensis Makino formula alleviates DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis by activating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and promoting M2 macrophages polarization.
2022Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Comparison of the Gut Microbiome between Atopic and Healthy Dogs-Preliminary Data.
2022Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Ethnic endotypes in paediatric atopic dermatitis depend on immunotype, lipid composition and microbiota of the skin.
2024Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
The gut microbiome in bullous pemphigoid: implications of the gut-skin axis for disease susceptibility.
2023Frontiers in immunology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Dietary Galacto-oligosaccharides Ameliorate Atopic Dermatitis-like Skin Inflammation and Behavioral Deficits by Modulating Gut Microbiota-Brain-Skin Axis.
2024Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Association of breast milk-derived arachidonic acid-induced infant gut dysbiosis with the onset of atopic dermatitis.
2024Gut
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
The Association between Gut Microbiota and Serum Biomarkers in Children with Atopic Dermatitis.
2024Biomedicines
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Fecal microbiota transplantation against moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: A randomized, double-blind controlled explorer trial.
2025Allergy
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota and plasma metabolites in pregnant mothers and infant atopic dermatitis: A multi-omics study.
2025The World Allergy Organization journal
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Fecal bacterial microbiota diversity characterized for dogs with atopic dermatitis: its alteration and clinical recovery after meat-exclusion diet.
2025American journal of veterinary research
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Frequency and clinical features of disease flares in patients with atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab.
2025The Journal of dermatological treatment
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Supporting primary evidence
9 papersDiversity of vaginal microbiota increases by the time of labor onset.
2017Scientific reports
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Identification of cutaneous fungi and mites in adult atopic dermatitis: analysis by targeted 18S rRNA amplicon sequencing.
2021BMC microbiology
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Staphylococcal Communities on Skin Are Associated with Atopic Dermatitis and Disease Severity.
2021Microorganisms
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Differences in the skin microbial community between patients with active and stable vitiligo based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
2021The Australasian journal of dermatology
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Skin dysbiosis in the microbiome in atopic dermatitis is site-specific and involves bacteria, fungus and virus.
2021BMC microbiology
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
The Difference of Gut Microbiota and Their Correlations With Urinary Organic Acids Between Autistic Children With and Without Atopic Dermatitis.
2022Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Study of The specificity of gut microbiota in adult patients with delayed-onset of atopic dermatitis.
2022Allergologia et immunopathologia
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Correlation analysis between gut microbiota characteristics and melasma.
2022Frontiers in microbiology
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Elevated Kocuria rhizophila contributing to repair of skin barrier function in patients with atopic dermatitis.
2026Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Preclinical supporting evidence
36 papersDupilumab improves the molecular signature in skin of patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
2014The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Association of Disease Severity With Skin Microbiome and Filaggrin Gene Mutations in Adult Atopic Dermatitis.
2018JAMA dermatology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
The bacterial and fungal microbiome of the skin of healthy dogs and dogs with atopic dermatitis and the impact of topical antimicrobial therapy, an exploratory study.
2019Veterinary microbiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin in a mouse model of MC903-induced atopic dermatitis.
2019International immunopharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Atopic dermatitis epidemiology and unmet need in the United Kingdom.
2020The Journal of dermatological treatment
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Apple cider vinegar soaks do not alter the skin bacterial microbiome in atopic dermatitis.
2021PloS one
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
The Skin Microbiome of Patients With Atopic Dermatitis Normalizes Gradually During Treatment.
2021Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Quercetin Improves Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Impaired Wound Healing in Atopic Dermatitis Model of Human Keratinocytes.
2020Pediatric allergy, immunology, and pulmonology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Azithromycin pretreatment exacerbates atopic dermatitis in trimellitic anhydride-induced model mice accompanied by correlated changes in the gut microbiota and serum cytokines.
2022International immunopharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Baicalin ameliorates 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice through modulating skin barrier function, gut microbiota and JAK/STAT pathway.
2022Bioorganic chemistry
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
The Immunological and Allergen Profiles of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis or Psoriasis.
2022Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Immunological differences between atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and their combination in adult patients.
2022Allergologia et immunopathologia
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Purpurin suppresses atopic dermatitis via TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced inflammation in HaCaT cells.
2022International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Terminalia chebula Retz. extract ameliorates the symptoms of atopic dermatitis by regulating anti-inflammatory factors in vivo and suppressing STAT1/3 and NF-ĸB signaling in vitro.
2022Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Dendrobium candidum polysaccharide reduce atopic dermatitis symptoms and modulate gut microbiota in DNFB-induced AD-like mice.
2022Frontiers in physiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Dupilumab but not cyclosporine treatment shifts the microbiome toward a healthy skin flora in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
2023Allergy
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Reduced Skin Microbiome Diversity in Infancy Is Associated with Increased Risk of Atopic Dermatitis in High-Risk Children.
2023The Journal of investigative dermatology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Skin Microbiome in Prurigo Nodularis.
2023International journal of molecular sciences
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Effects of Early Emollient Use in Children at High Risk of Atopic Dermatitis: A German Pilot Study.
2023Acta dermato-venereologica
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Lipid mediators derived from DHA alleviate DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis and improve the gut microbiome in BALB/c mice.
2023International immunopharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Imidazole propionate ameliorates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by inhibiting mitochondrial ROS and mTORC2.
2024Frontiers in immunology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Dupilumab therapy for atopic dermatitis is associated with increased risk of cutaneous T cell lymphoma: A retrospective cohort study.
2024Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Effects on the Skin Microbiome by a Moisturizer Formulated for Eczema-Prone and Sensitive Skin.
2025Journal of drugs in dermatology : JDD
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Probiotics ameliorate atopic dermatitis by modulating the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in dogs.
2025BMC microbiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Bovine colostrum-derived extracellular vesicles modulate gut microbiota and alleviate atopic dermatitis via the gut-skin axis.
2026Drug delivery and translational research
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
IFN-α and vitamin B6-induced galectin-9 promotes the immunomodulatory function of human clonal mesenchymal stem cells.
2025Stem cell research & therapy
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Opsin 3 in keratinocytes mediates the light-induced exaggeration of atopic dermatitis.
2025The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Elephantopus scaber attenuates MC903-caused atopic dermatitis and decreases TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced chemokines by suppressing MKP-1-mediated AP-1 signaling in keratinocytes.
2025Journal of ethnopharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis BX-BC08 modulates gut microbiota and secretes alpha-Ketoglutaric acid to alleviate MC903-induced atopic dermatitis.
2025Journal of translational medicine
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Effect of Systemic Therapies on Skin Bacteriome in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Pilot Prospective Study.
2026The Journal of investigative dermatology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Effects of a Gel Containing the Defined Microalgae Extract Spiralin® on the Skin Microbiome and Clinical Activity in Atopic Dermatitis: A Double-Blind, Intraindividual Vehicle-Controlled Proof-Of-Concept Study.
2025Skin pharmacology and physiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Dietary modulation of gut microbiota and its role in atopic dermatitis: integrative evidence from animal and human studies.
2025Frontiers in immunology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Can Early Nutrition Be Responsible for Future Gut Microbiota Changes and Different Health Outcomes?
2025Nutrients
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Oral administration of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus HM126 alleviates DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis in BALB/c mice by modulating immunity, gut microbiota, and metabolites.
2025Frontiers in immunology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Facial Skin Mycobiome in Atopic Dermatitis With and Without Facial Involvement and Healthy Controls: A Case-Control Study.
2026Experimental dermatology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Profiling skin microbiota in an underrepresented population: Indonesian children with atopic dermatitis and controls.
2026Frontiers in medicine
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Review supporting evidence
24 papersThymic stromal lymphopoietin.
2010Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Atopic dermatitis: the updated practice parameter and beyond.
2014Allergy and asthma proceedings
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Atopic dermatitis and alpha-chemokines.
2015La Clinica terapeutica
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Bacterial and Viral Infections in Atopic Dermatitis: a Comprehensive Review.
2016Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Cellular and molecular immunologic mechanisms in patients with atopic dermatitis.
2016The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Advances in atopic dermatitis and urticarial in 2016.
2017The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Staphylococcus aureus and Atopic Dermatitis: A Complex and Evolving Relationship.
2018Trends in microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Interleukin-31 and interleukin-31 receptor: New therapeutic targets for atopic dermatitis.
2018Experimental dermatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Dupilumab progressively improves systemic and cutaneous abnormalities in patients with atopic dermatitis.
2019The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
New and Potential Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis: Biologicals and Small Molecules.
2019Current allergy and asthma reports
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Eczema Herpeticum: Clinical and Pathophysiological Aspects.
2020Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Skin immunity and its dysregulation in atopic dermatitis, hidradenitis suppurativa and vitiligo.
2020Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Dupilumab in pediatric dermatology.
2022The Journal of dermatological treatment
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Dupilumab use in atopic dermatitis and beyond in skin diseases.
2020Immunotherapy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Biologics for Atopic Dermatitis.
2020Immunology and allergy clinics of North America
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Eczema herpeticum in atopic dermatitis.
2021Allergy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Pathophysiology of psoriasis: A review.
2021The Journal of dermatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Epicutaneous Sensitization in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis.
2016Pediatric allergy, immunology, and pulmonology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
ILC2s in skin disorders.
2023Allergology international : official journal of the Japanese Society of Allergology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Emerging Systemic Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis.
2023Dermatology and therapy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Microbiome: Role in Inflammatory Skin Diseases.
2024Journal of inflammation research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma Following Dupilumab Therapy in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: Clinical Review and Recommendations.
2025American journal of clinical dermatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Gut microbiota dysbiosis at the interface of neuropsychiatric disorders and their dermatological comorbidities.
2025Gut microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The Emerging Role of Gut Microbiota in Inflammatory Skin Diseases: A Systematic Review.
2026Experimental dermatology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.