preclinical_heavy
Preclinical evidence exceeds central human evidence. Interpret translational relevance cautiously.
fulltophigh inflation risk
Acetate production
inflammatory bowel disease
Acetate production has meaningful literature visibility in inflammatory bowel disease, but the current evidence mix suggests a substantial risk of overclaiming.
Acetate production shows a strong literature footprint in inflammatory bowel disease, with substantial central evidence and broader supporting literature.
acetate_production
Credibility score
64
Human translation
2/5
Reproducibility
4/5
Novelty
2/5
Actionability
3/5
Credibility 64Human translation 2/5Reproducibility 4/5Novelty 2/5Actionability 3/5
Why this scores the way it does
- strong central evidence base
- dense review literature
- substantial preclinical support
Main caveats
- preclinical evidence outweighs human evidence
Internal review flags
1 flagsPrimary central evidence
18 papersChemiluminescence in inflammatory bowel disease patients: a parameter of inflammatory activity.
2001Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Rapid and noninvasive metabonomic characterization of inflammatory bowel disease.
2007Journal of proteome research
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Treatment of Active Crohn's Disease With an Ordinary Food-based Diet That Replicates Exclusive Enteral Nutrition.
2019Gastroenterology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Toxicity of hydrogen sulfide toward sulfate-reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio piger Vib-7.
2019Archives of microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Analysis of pH Dose-dependent Growth of Sulfate-reducing Bacteria.
2019Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland)
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Efficacy and Safety of Etrasimod in a Phase 2 Randomized Trial of Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.
2020Gastroenterology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Characterizing Innate Lymphoid Cell Phenotype and Function in Human Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2020Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Low-Fat, High-Fiber Diet Reduces Markers of Inflammation and Dysbiosis and Improves Quality of Life in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.
2021Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Increased Primary Bile Acids with Ileocolonic Resection Impact Ileal Inflammation and Gut Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2023Journal of Crohn's & colitis
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
The Importance of Nutritional Aspects in the Assessment of Inflammation and Intestinal Barrier in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2022Nutrients
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Dark-purple rice extract modulates gut microbiota composition in acetic acid- and indomethacin-induced inflammatory bowel disease in rats.
2023International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Microbiota, co-metabolites, and network pharmacology reveal the alteration of the ginsenoside fraction on inflammatory bowel disease.
2023Journal of ginseng research
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Etrasimod as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis (ELEVATE): two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies.
2023Lancet (London, England)
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Effect of Mutant and Engineered High-Acetate-Producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii Strains in Dextran Sodium Sulphate-Induced Colitis.
2024Nutrients
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Identifying robust biomarkers for the diagnosis and subtype distinction of inflammatory bowel disease through comprehensive serum metabolomic profiling.
2025Scientific reports
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
In vitro fermentation of yeast cell walls (mannan-oligosaccharide) and purified β-glucans modulates the colonic microbiota of dogs with inflammatory bowel disease and demonstrates protective effects on barrier integrity and anti-inflammatory properties.
2025PloS one
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Exploring the dual role of Mangifera indica L. in regulating immune response and pain persistence in inflammatory bowel disease.
2025Pharmacological research
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Combined metabolomic and metagenomic analysis reveals inflammatory bowel disease diversity in pediatric and adult patients.
2025World journal of gastroenterology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Preclinical supporting evidence
19 papersButyricicoccus pullicaecorum, a butyrate producer with probiotic potential, is intrinsically tolerant to stomach and small intestine conditions.
2014Anaerobe
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Fertility and Contraception in Women With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2016Gastroenterology & hepatology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Quiescent Endothelial Cells Upregulate Fatty Acid β-Oxidation for Vasculoprotection via Redox Homeostasis.
2018Cell metabolism
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Effectiveness of administering zinc acetate hydrate to patients with inflammatory bowel disease and zinc deficiency: a retrospective observational two-center study.
2022Intestinal research
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Analysis of Physiological Parameters of Desulfovibrio Strains from Individuals with Colitis.
2018Open life sciences
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Butyrate enhances CPT1A activity to promote fatty acid oxidation and iTreg differentiation.
2021Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Supplementation with Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Shapes the Gut Microbiota and Regulates the Transcriptomic Landscape in Experimental Colitis.
2022Nutrients
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
High Acetate Concentration Protects Intestinal Barrier and Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Organoid-Derived Epithelial Monolayer Cultures from Patients with Ulcerative Colitis.
2023International journal of molecular sciences
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus improve inflammatory bowel disease in zebrafish of different ages by regulating the intestinal mucosal barrier and microbiota.
2023Life sciences
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Indole-3-acetic acid alleviates DSS-induced colitis by promoting the production of R-equol from Bifidobacterium pseudolongum.
2024Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Lactobacillus delbrueckii CIDCA 133 fermented milk modulates inflammation and gut microbiota to alleviate acute colitis.
2024Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
The gut microbiota-aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) axis mediates the anticolitic effect of polyphenol-rich extracts from Sanghuangporus.
2024iMeta
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Gut microbiota metabolite indole-3-acetic acid maintains intestinal epithelial homeostasis through mucin sulfation.
2024Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Vinegar-processed Schisandra Chinensis enhanced therapeutic effects on colitis-induced depression through tryptophan metabolism.
2024Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Clostridium sporogenes-derived metabolites protect mice against colonic inflammation.
2024Gut microbes
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Lentil Waste Extracts for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Symptoms Control: Anti-Inflammatory and Spasmolytic Effects.
2024Nutrients
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Rewiring Tryptophan Metabolism via Programmable Probiotic Integrated by Dual-Layered Microcapsule Protects against Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice.
2024ACS nano
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites regulated by Wuji Wan to attenuate colitis through AhR signaling activation.
2025Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Eubacterium limosum modulates gut microbiota and produces anti-inflammatory metabolites to alleviate DSS-induced colitis.
2025Frontiers in immunology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Review supporting evidence
14 papersGut microbiome diversity in acute infective and chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases in North India.
2016Journal of gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The nutrition-gut microbiome-physiology axis and allergic diseases.
2017Immunological reviews
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Intestinal Immunity Mediated by Tryptophan Metabolism.
2018Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Short-Chain Fatty Acid Characterization in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2019Inflammatory bowel diseases
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Possible synergy effect of hydrogen sulfide and acetate produced by sulfate-reducing bacteria on inflammatory bowel disease development.
2021Journal of advanced research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Short chain fatty acids and its producing organisms: An overlooked therapy for IBD?
2021EBioMedicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Oral delivery of proteins and peptides: Challenges, status quo and future perspectives.
2021Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Molecular interactions between the intestinal microbiota and the host.
2022Molecular microbiology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The double-edged sword of probiotic supplementation on gut microbiota structure in Helicobacter pylori management.
2022Gut microbes
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Etrasimod for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
2023Immunotherapy
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Role of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics in management of inflammatory bowel disease: Current perspectives.
2023World journal of gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Roles of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
2023Nutrients
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Angiogenesis, a key point in the association of gut microbiota and its metabolites with disease.
2024European journal of medical research
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Quantitative Alterations in Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
2025Biomolecules
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.