preclinical_heavy
Preclinical evidence exceeds central human evidence. Interpret translational relevance cautiously.
supportedtophigh inflation risk
Acetate production
autism
Acetate production has meaningful literature visibility in autism, but the current evidence mix suggests a substantial risk of overclaiming.
Acetate production shows a moderate evidence base in autism, with multiple central papers and additional supporting literature.
acetate_production
Credibility score
55
Human translation
2/5
Reproducibility
4/5
Novelty
2/5
Actionability
3/5
Credibility 55Human translation 2/5Reproducibility 4/5Novelty 2/5Actionability 3/5
Why this scores the way it does
- moderate central evidence base
- dense review literature
- substantial preclinical support
Main caveats
- preclinical evidence outweighs human evidence
Internal review flags
1 flagsPrimary central evidence
14 papersGastrointestinal flora and gastrointestinal status in children with autism--comparisons to typical children and correlation with autism severity.
2011BMC gastroenterology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Altered gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorder.
2019Scientific reports
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Probiotics and fructo-oligosaccharide intervention modulate the microbiota-gut brain axis to improve autism spectrum reducing also the hyper-serotonergic state and the dopamine metabolism disorder.
2020Pharmacological research
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Changes to the Gut Microbiome in Young Children Showing Early Behavioral Signs of Autism.
2022Frontiers in microbiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
In Vitro Fermentation of Edible Mushrooms: Effects on Faecal Microbiota Characteristics of Autistic and Neurotypical Children.
2023Microorganisms
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Associations between dysbiosis gut microbiota and changes of neurotransmitters and short-chain fatty acids in valproic acid model rats.
2023Frontiers in physiology
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Developmental delay and non-phenylketonuria (PKU) hyperphenylalaninemia in DNAJC12 deficiency: Case and approach.
2023Brain & development
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Urine metabolomic profiles of autism and autistic traits-A twin study.
2024PloS one
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Investigating brain-gut microbiota dynamics and inflammatory processes in an autistic-like rat model using MRI biomarkers during childhood and adolescence.
2024NeuroImage
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Synbiotic combination of 2'-fucosyllactose and Bifidobacterium mitigates neurodevelopmental disorders and ASD-like behaviors induced by valproic acid.
2025Food & function
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Synbiotics of encapsulated Limosilactobacillus fermentum K73 promotes in vitro favorable gut microbiota shifts and enhances short-chain fatty acid production in fecal samples of children with autism spectrum disorder.
2025Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Gut microbiota composition and phylogenetic analysis in autism spectrum disorder: a comparative study.
2025Frontiers in psychiatry
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Bifidobacterium adolescentis DM8504 Alleviates Autistic-Like Behaviors in Valproic Acid-Exposed Rats Through Gut Microbiota Modulation and SCFA Restoration.
2025Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Effects of Probiotic Supplementation on Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolome in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial in Preschoolers.
2026Metabolites
Direct disease-relevant human paper with strong clinical, biomarker, or mechanistic framing.
Supporting primary evidence
1 papersPaternal valproate use and impact of shared genetic susceptibility on child neurodevelopment.
2025Scientific reports
Human primary paper with plausible association relevance to the disease context.
Preclinical supporting evidence
16 papersAltered gut microbiota and activity in a murine model of autism spectrum disorders.
2014Brain, behavior, and immunity
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Association of Prenatal Exposure to Antiseizure Medication With Risk of Autism and Intellectual Disability.
2022JAMA neurology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Maternal antibiotics disrupt microbiome, behavior, and temperature regulation in unexposed infant mice.
2022Developmental psychobiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Promyelinating drugs promote functional recovery in an autism spectrum disorder mouse model of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.
2023Brain : a journal of neurology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Acetate supplementation rescues social deficits and alters transcriptional regulation in prefrontal cortex of Shank3 deficient mice.
2023Brain, behavior, and immunity
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Revealing the beneficial effects of a dairy infant formula on the gut microbiota of early childhood children with autistic spectrum disorder using static and SHIME® fermentation models.
2023Food & function
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
MA-5 ameliorates autism-like behavior in mice prenatally exposed to valproic acid.
2023Behavioural pharmacology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Gut microbiota functional profiling in autism spectrum disorders: bacterial VOCs and related metabolic pathways acting as disease biomarkers and predictors.
2023Frontiers in microbiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Defective regulation of the eIF2-eIF2B translational axis underlies depressive-like behavior in mice and correlates with major depressive disorder in humans.
2024Translational psychiatry
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Dachaihu decoction ameliorates abnormal behavior by regulating gut microbiota in rats with propionic acid-induced autism.
2025Frontiers in microbiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Diffusion kurtosis imaging biomarkers associated with amelioration of neuroinflammation, gray matter microstructural abnormalities, and gut dysbiosis by central thalamic deep brain stimulation in autistic -like young rats.
2025NeuroImage
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and oxidative stress in autism: evidence from children and a mouse model.
2025Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
The identification of metabolites from gut microbiota in autism spectrum disorder via network pharmacology.
2025Scientific reports
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Levetiracetam in epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder: analysis of safety, tolerability, and efficacy.
2025Epilepsy & behavior : E&B
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
The gut commensal Faecalibacterium hominis attenuates indole-AhR signaling and restores ASD-like behaviors with BTBR mice.
2025Frontiers in microbiology
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Integrated probiotic benefits of Limosilactobacillus fermentum PY-1 from the traditional fermented food "Suancai" drive antioxidant enhancement, immune protection, and gut microbiota regulation to attenuate autism-like behaviors in rats.
2026Food & function
Disease-relevant preclinical or model-based paper useful as supporting evidence.
Review supporting evidence
16 papersEnvironmental mercury contamination in China: sources and impacts.
2007Environment international
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Levetiracetam for managing neurologic and psychiatric disorders.
2009American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Rit subfamily small GTPases: regulators in neuronal differentiation and survival.
2013Cellular signalling
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Antiepileptic medications in autism spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
2014Journal of autism and developmental disorders
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Deficits in bioenergetics and impaired immune response in granulocytes from children with autism.
2014Pediatrics
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
METABOLIC DYSBIOSIS OF THE GUT MICROBIOTA AND ITS BIOMARKERS.
2016Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia gastroenterologiia = Experimental & clinical gastroenterology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Lacosamide in children with drug-resistant epilepsy.
2019Journal of paediatrics and child health
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Role of microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids in nervous system disorders.
2021Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Psychobehavioural and Cognitive Adverse Events of Anti-Seizure Medications for the Treatment of Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies.
2022CNS drugs
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Once upon a Time Oral Microbiota: A Cinderella or a Protagonist in Autism Spectrum Disorder?
2023Metabolites
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Autism Spectrum Disorder, Oral Implications, and Oral Microbiota.
2025Children (Basel, Switzerland)
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Paternal Valproate Use and Neurodevelopmental Disorder and Congenital Malformation Risk in Offspring.
2025JAMA network open
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
The intrauterine microbiome-neurodevelopment axis: decoding the prenatal microbial imprint on lifelong mental health.
2025Journal of perinatal medicine
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Autism and the gut metabolome: Evidence for altered short-chain fatty acid profiles from a systematic review and meta-analysis.
2026Brain, behavior, & immunity - health
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
Short-chain fatty acids, neuroinflammation, and autism spectrum disorders: A mechanistic systematic review.
2026Journal of neuroimmunology
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.
New developments in pediatric psychopharmacology.
1983Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP
Relevant review or meta-analysis for the signal-disease area.